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Technique · UT
Conventional Ultrasonic Testing
Volumetric inspection that finds internal flaws in welds, plates, shafts and parts, with access from one side only.
What it is
Ultrasonic testing detects internal discontinuities in materials, based on the reflection of sound waves when they meet obstacles to their propagation inside the material.
An ultrasonic pulse is generated and transmitted by a probe coupled to the part. Echoes reflected by a flaw, or by the opposite surface, are picked up by the probe, converted into electrical signals and shown on the instrument screen.
How the test works
- PreparationThe scanning surface is cleaned and probes are selected (straight or angle beam).
- CalibrationRange and sensitivity are set on standard reference blocks.
- ScanningThe probe is moved over the area of interest with couplant, covering the required volume.
- EvaluationEchoes are analysed to locate, size and classify indications.
- ReportResults are recorded against the applicable acceptance criteria.
Where we apply it
- Welded joints
- Plates, for lamination detection
- Shafts and forgings
- Piping and structures
What it detects
- Cracks
- Laminations
- Lack of penetration and lack of fusion
- Laps and segregations
Advantages
- Detects internal flaws (volumetric test)
- Indicates the depth and size of the flaw
- Access from one side only
- Portable and radiation-free
Limitations and precautions
- Results depend heavily on the inspector's qualification
- Requires couplant and a suitable surface
- Very thin parts or complex geometries need specific techniques
Frequently asked questions
When should conventional UT be used instead of Phased Array?
Conventional UT is efficient and cost-effective for many routine inspections. Phased Array is recommended when imaging, full data recording or higher productivity over long welds is needed.
Does ultrasonic testing detect surface flaws?
It is mainly aimed at internal flaws. For surface defects it is usually combined with magnetic particle, liquid penetrant or eddy current testing.
Shall we inspect your equipment?
On site, in the workshop or at your supplier, with a technical report at the end.